How many people work remotely, who they are, which jobs allow it and where hiring is heading, from 49 primary and verified sources.
Key takeaways
22.4%
of people at work in the US teleworked or worked at home for pay in 2025 (annual average)
54%
of US employees with remote-capable jobs work hybrid, versus 25% exclusively remote (Aug 2026)
26%
of paid full workdays in the US were worked from home in September 2026
8.6%
of US job postings on Indeed mentioned remote or hybrid work on Sep 30, 2026
87%
of US professional job postings analysed by Robert Half in Q2 2026 were fully on-site
65.4%
of workers in computer and mathematical occupations teleworked in 2025, the highest of any group
46%
of US remote-capable workers who telework say they’d be unlikely to stay if remote work ended
33%
drop in quit rates in a randomised trial of hybrid work, with no measurable hit to performance
49.5%
telework rate in Washington, DC, versus 8.4% in Mississippi (2025)
8.9%
of employed people in the EU usually worked from home in 2025; Finland led at 20.9%
18.5M
Americans described themselves as digital nomads in 2025
92M
global digital jobs doable remotely from anywhere by 2030 (WEF forecast, up from 73M)
On this page
How many people work remotely in the US?
The answer depends on the denominator. The Bureau of Labor Statistics counts everyone at work in a given week; Gallup counts only people whose jobs could be done remotely; WFH Research counts workdays rather than workers. All three have been close to flat since 2023.
US telework rate by month, October 2022 to March 2026
Total
US telework rate by month, October 2022 to March 2026 — Total (%)
| Month (not seasonally adjusted) | All workers |
|---|---|
| Oct 2022 | 17.9 |
| Nov 2022 | 18.5 |
| Dec 2022 | 19.0 |
| Jan 2023 | 19.4 |
| Feb 2023 | 20.0 |
| Mar 2023 | 19.5 |
| Apr 2023 | 18.5 |
| May 2023 | 18.9 |
| Jun 2023 | 19.0 |
| Jul 2023 | 19.9 |
| Aug 2023 | 19.5 |
| Sep 2023 | 19.8 |
| Oct 2023 | 19.8 |
| Nov 2023 | 20.5 |
| Dec 2023 | 21.9 |
| Jan 2024 | 22.9 |
| Feb 2024 | 22.7 |
| Mar 2024 | 23.0 |
| Apr 2024 | 21.5 |
| May 2024 | 21.7 |
| Jun 2024 | 22.3 |
| Jul 2024 | 23.0 |
| Aug 2024 | 22.8 |
| Sep 2024 | 23.7 |
| Oct 2024 | 23.8 |
| Nov 2024 | 23.3 |
| Dec 2024 | 23.1 |
| Jan 2025 | 23.6 |
| Feb 2025 | 23.7 |
| Mar 2025 | 22.8 |
| Apr 2025 | 21.6 |
| May 2025 | 21.5 |
| Jun 2025 | 21.6 |
| Jul 2025 | 22.1 |
| Aug 2025 | 22.1 |
| Sep 2025 | 22.3 |
| Oct 2025 | – |
| Nov 2025 | 22.9 |
| Dec 2025 | 22.5 |
| Jan 2026 | 23.0 |
| Feb 2026 | 22.7 |
| Mar 2026 | 22.6 |
By sex
US telework rate by month, October 2022 to March 2026 — By sex (%)
| Month (not seasonally adjusted) | Women | Men |
|---|---|---|
| Oct 2022 | 19.4 | 16.5 |
| Nov 2022 | 20.1 | 17.2 |
| Dec 2022 | 20.3 | 17.8 |
| Jan 2023 | 20.8 | 18.2 |
| Feb 2023 | 21.3 | 18.7 |
| Mar 2023 | 21.4 | 17.9 |
| Apr 2023 | 20.6 | 16.7 |
| May 2023 | 20.8 | 17.3 |
| Jun 2023 | 21.0 | 17.2 |
| Jul 2023 | 22.5 | 17.8 |
| Aug 2023 | 21.6 | 17.7 |
| Sep 2023 | 21.8 | 18.0 |
| Oct 2023 | 21.7 | 18.1 |
| Nov 2023 | 22.4 | 18.8 |
| Dec 2023 | 24.3 | 19.8 |
| Jan 2024 | 24.8 | 21.3 |
| Feb 2024 | 24.5 | 21.1 |
| Mar 2024 | 25.3 | 20.9 |
| Apr 2024 | 23.8 | 19.5 |
| May 2024 | 23.9 | 19.9 |
| Jun 2024 | 25.0 | 20.1 |
| Jul 2024 | 26.3 | 20.2 |
| Aug 2024 | 25.7 | 20.3 |
| Sep 2024 | 26.5 | 21.3 |
| Oct 2024 | 26.3 | 21.6 |
| Nov 2024 | 25.9 | 21.0 |
| Dec 2024 | 25.3 | 21.1 |
| Jan 2025 | 25.9 | 21.5 |
| Feb 2025 | 26.1 | 21.4 |
| Mar 2025 | 25.1 | 20.8 |
| Apr 2025 | 24.3 | 19.2 |
| May 2025 | 24.2 | 19.2 |
| Jun 2025 | 24.6 | 19.1 |
| Jul 2025 | 25.2 | 19.5 |
| Aug 2025 | 24.9 | 19.8 |
| Sep 2025 | 24.9 | 20.0 |
| Oct 2025 | – | – |
| Nov 2025 | 25.1 | 21.1 |
| Dec 2025 | 24.7 | 20.6 |
| Jan 2026 | 25.0 | 21.2 |
| Feb 2026 | 24.9 | 20.8 |
| Mar 2026 | 24.9 | 20.5 |
By race/ethnicity
US telework rate by month, October 2022 to March 2026 — By race/ethnicity (%)
| Month (not seasonally adjusted) | Asian | White | Black | Hispanic or Latino |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 2022 | 29.8 | 17.6 | 13.8 | 9.0 |
| Nov 2022 | 29.8 | 18.4 | 14.2 | 9.5 |
| Dec 2022 | 30.9 | 18.8 | 14.6 | 10.2 |
| Jan 2023 | 32.0 | 19.2 | 14.4 | 11.1 |
| Feb 2023 | 31.4 | 19.7 | 16.3 | 11.3 |
| Mar 2023 | 32.2 | 19.1 | 16.1 | 11.2 |
| Apr 2023 | 30.0 | 18.2 | 14.9 | 9.9 |
| May 2023 | 28.7 | 18.9 | 14.5 | 9.9 |
| Jun 2023 | 30.4 | 18.8 | 14.7 | 9.5 |
| Jul 2023 | 30.7 | 19.7 | 15.9 | 10.2 |
| Aug 2023 | 31.2 | 19.3 | 15.4 | 9.9 |
| Sep 2023 | 32.8 | 19.4 | 15.5 | 9.6 |
| Oct 2023 | 31.6 | 19.6 | 15.7 | 9.8 |
| Nov 2023 | 33.5 | 20.3 | 15.9 | 10.6 |
| Dec 2023 | 32.2 | 22.0 | 16.9 | 11.1 |
| Jan 2024 | 31.9 | 23.3 | 17.7 | 12.1 |
| Feb 2024 | 33.5 | 23.0 | 16.4 | 12.2 |
| Mar 2024 | 32.9 | 23.2 | 17.2 | 13.0 |
| Apr 2024 | 30.9 | 21.6 | 16.6 | 11.1 |
| May 2024 | 29.6 | 22.1 | 16.6 | 11.7 |
| Jun 2024 | 32.5 | 22.5 | 16.8 | 11.4 |
| Jul 2024 | 34.4 | 22.9 | 18.0 | 12.0 |
| Aug 2024 | 35.0 | 22.8 | 17.4 | 11.6 |
| Sep 2024 | 35.9 | 23.8 | 18.0 | 12.3 |
| Oct 2024 | 34.0 | 23.8 | 18.4 | 12.5 |
| Nov 2024 | 34.0 | 23.5 | 17.7 | 12.3 |
| Dec 2024 | 32.2 | 23.4 | 17.6 | 11.6 |
| Jan 2025 | 33.0 | 23.8 | 17.8 | 12.7 |
| Feb 2025 | 32.3 | 24.0 | 17.7 | 13.1 |
| Mar 2025 | 31.4 | 23.3 | 16.2 | 12.7 |
| Apr 2025 | 30.0 | 22.0 | 15.4 | 12.0 |
| May 2025 | 30.1 | 22.1 | 14.6 | 11.8 |
| Jun 2025 | 31.0 | 21.9 | 15.9 | 11.8 |
| Jul 2025 | 31.6 | 22.5 | 16.1 | 12.0 |
| Aug 2025 | 32.9 | 22.4 | 15.9 | 12.1 |
| Sep 2025 | 31.2 | 22.8 | 16.0 | 12.0 |
| Oct 2025 | – | – | – | – |
| Nov 2025 | 32.3 | 23.1 | 16.4 | 13.1 |
| Dec 2025 | 32.3 | 22.8 | 16.4 | 12.4 |
| Jan 2026 | 33.9 | 23.3 | 16.9 | 13.1 |
| Feb 2026 | 32.1 | 23.1 | 16.4 | 13.7 |
| Mar 2026 | 31.1 | 23.2 | 16.1 | 13.1 |
By age
US telework rate by month, October 2022 to March 2026 — By age (%)
| Month (not seasonally adjusted) | 25–54 | 55+ | 16–24 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 2022 | 19.9 | 18.2 | 6.4 |
| Nov 2022 | 20.8 | 18.9 | 6.1 |
| Dec 2022 | 21.2 | 19.3 | 6.3 |
| Jan 2023 | 21.7 | 19.8 | 6.6 |
| Feb 2023 | 22.2 | 21.0 | 6.6 |
| Mar 2023 | 21.6 | 20.3 | 7.2 |
| Apr 2023 | 20.6 | 19.5 | 5.7 |
| May 2023 | 21.3 | 19.8 | 5.2 |
| Jun 2023 | 21.1 | 20.7 | 5.9 |
| Jul 2023 | 22.1 | 21.6 | 6.9 |
| Aug 2023 | 21.8 | 20.6 | 6.6 |
| Sep 2023 | 22.0 | 20.4 | 6.6 |
| Oct 2023 | 22.1 | 20.6 | 6.3 |
| Nov 2023 | 23.0 | 21.5 | 6.0 |
| Dec 2023 | 24.3 | 23.3 | 7.1 |
| Jan 2024 | 25.4 | 24.2 | 7.5 |
| Feb 2024 | 24.8 | 24.5 | 8.1 |
| Mar 2024 | 25.2 | 24.6 | 8.0 |
| Apr 2024 | 23.6 | 23.5 | 7.2 |
| May 2024 | 24.0 | 23.4 | 6.7 |
| Jun 2024 | 24.6 | 24.5 | 7.6 |
| Jul 2024 | 25.6 | 24.8 | 7.5 |
| Aug 2024 | 25.1 | 24.6 | 7.2 |
| Sep 2024 | 26.3 | 25.0 | 7.6 |
| Oct 2024 | 26.4 | 25.1 | 7.2 |
| Nov 2024 | 25.9 | 24.4 | 7.6 |
| Dec 2024 | 25.7 | 24.2 | 7.2 |
| Jan 2025 | 26.3 | 24.1 | 7.8 |
| Feb 2025 | 26.4 | 24.4 | 7.4 |
| Mar 2025 | 25.4 | 23.7 | 6.9 |
| Apr 2025 | 24.0 | 23.0 | 6.2 |
| May 2025 | 23.6 | 23.6 | 6.3 |
| Jun 2025 | 23.9 | 23.6 | 6.4 |
| Jul 2025 | 24.4 | 24.5 | 6.6 |
| Aug 2025 | 24.8 | 23.3 | 6.0 |
| Sep 2025 | 24.7 | 23.3 | 7.0 |
| Oct 2025 | – | – | – |
| Nov 2025 | 25.4 | 24.3 | 7.1 |
| Dec 2025 | 25.0 | 23.7 | 7.2 |
| Jan 2026 | 25.5 | 24.2 | 7.1 |
| Feb 2026 | 25.4 | 23.5 | 6.8 |
| Mar 2026 | 25.1 | 24.1 | 6.7 |
Statistics
In 2025, 22.4% of people at work in the US teleworked or worked at home for pay during the survey reference week: 35.4 million of 157.7 million (annual average). BLS, Feb 20, 2026[1]
Of everyone at work in 2025, 11.9% teleworked for some of their hours and 10.5% teleworked for all of their hours. BLS, Feb 20, 2026[1]
The monthly telework rate was 22.6% in March 2026 and stayed between 21.5% and 23.0% over the preceding year. BLS, Apr 16, 2026[12]
The BLS series started at 17.9% in October 2022 and reached its high so far, 23.8%, in October 2024. BLS, Apr 16, 2026[12]
In the first quarter of 2024 the telework rate averaged 22.9%, up 3.3 points from 19.6% a year earlier. BLS, 2024[13]
Full-time workers teleworked at a higher rate (23.8%) than part-time workers (15.6%) in 2025. BLS, Feb 20, 2026[1]
Self-employed workers had a 36.4% telework rate in 2025, compared with 21.6% for private-industry wage and salary workers. BLS, Feb 20, 2026[1]
BLS time-diary data show 35% of employed people did some or all of their work at home on days they worked in 2025, while 70% did some or all of it at a workplace. BLS, Jun 25, 2026[14]
About 26% of paid full workdays in the US were worked from home in September 2026, according to the Survey of Working Arrangements and Attitudes. WFH Research, Oct 5, 2026[3]
Across the October 2025 to September 2026 SWAA waves, 12% of full-time wage and salary employees were fully remote, 26% hybrid and 62% fully on site (N = 38,070). WFH Research, Oct 5, 2026[3]
Among US adults whose jobs can be done from home, 75% worked remotely at least some of the time (Pew survey of 2,315 workers, October 2024). Pew Research Center, Jan 13, 2025[6]
Pew estimated in 2023 that 61% of US workers do not have jobs that can be done from home. Older data Pew Research Center, Mar 30, 2023[15]
Federal government workers’ telework rate fell to 18.2% in April 2025 from 31.3% a year earlier. BLS, 2025[16]
Federal workers teleworked 4.8 hours a week on average in April 2025 (12.1% of their hours), down from 8.2 hours a year earlier. BLS, 2025[16]
Of telework requests made by wage and salary workers, 69.2% were fully granted, 21.6% partially granted and 9.2% not granted. BLS, Jan 2, 2026[17]
Hybrid vs fully remote: how remote-capable employees work
Among people whose jobs can be done away from the office, hybrid has been the majority arrangement since mid-2022. What employees say they want still runs ahead of what they get, mostly on fully remote work.
Where US remote-capable employees work, 2019 to 2026
All waves
Where US remote-capable employees work, 2019 to 2026 — All waves (%)
| Gallup survey wave | Exclusively remote | Hybrid | On-site |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jan 2019 | 8 | 32 | 60 |
| May 2020 | 70 | 18 | 12 |
| Jun 2021 | 48 | 31 | 21 |
| Feb 2022 | 39 | 42 | 19 |
| Jun 2022 | 29 | 49 | 22 |
| Sep 2022 | 28 | 50 | 22 |
| Nov 2022 | 26 | 53 | 21 |
| Feb 2023 | 28 | 52 | 20 |
| May 2023 | 29 | 52 | 20 |
| Aug 2023 | 27 | 51 | 22 |
| Nov 2023 | 27 | 52 | 21 |
| Feb 2024 | 27 | 54 | 20 |
| May 2024 | 27 | 53 | 21 |
| Aug 2024 | 26 | 54 | 20 |
| Nov 2024 | 26 | 55 | 19 |
| Feb 2025 | 27 | 52 | 21 |
| May 2025 | 28 | 52 | 21 |
| Aug 2025 | 26 | 52 | 22 |
| Nov 2025 | 26 | 52 | 21 |
| Feb 2026 | 26 | 52 | 22 |
| May 2026 | 26 | 52 | 22 |
| Aug 2026 | 25 | 54 | 21 |
What remote-capable employees have, expect and want
Working now (Aug 2026)
What remote-capable employees have, expect and want — Working now (Aug 2026) (%)
| Category | Aug 2026 |
|---|---|
| Exclusively remote | 25 |
| Hybrid | 54 |
| On-site | 21 |
Expect long term (May 2026)
What remote-capable employees have, expect and want — Expect long term (May 2026) (%)
| Category | May 2026 |
|---|---|
| Exclusively remote | 25 |
| Hybrid | 52 |
| On-site | 23 |
Prefer (Nov 2025)
What remote-capable employees have, expect and want — Prefer (Nov 2025) (%)
| Category | Nov 2025 |
|---|---|
| Exclusively remote | 33 |
| Hybrid | 61 |
| On-site | 6 |
Statistics
As of August 2026, 54% of US employees with remote-capable jobs worked hybrid, 25% exclusively remote and 21% on-site. Gallup, Data to Aug 2026[2]
In January 2019, the same group was 60% on-site, 32% hybrid and 8% exclusively remote. Gallup, Data to Aug 2026[2]
Exclusively remote work peaked at 70% of remote-capable employees in May 2020. Gallup, Data to Aug 2026[2]
Every Gallup reading of the hybrid share since June 2022 has fallen between 49% and 55%. Gallup, Data to Aug 2026[2]
Asked in November 2025, 61% of remote-capable employees preferred hybrid, 33% exclusively remote and 6% on-site. Gallup, Data to Aug 2026[2]
Long-term expectations recorded in May 2026: 52% hybrid, 25% exclusively remote and 23% on-site. Gallup, Data to Aug 2026[2]
Only 11% of employees are on teams that set their hybrid policy together; 90% of them call the policy fair. Gallup, Data to Aug 2026[2]
In the technology sector, 47% of remote-capable employees are exclusively remote, 45% hybrid and 9% fully on-site. Gallup, 2026[18]
Hybrid work among remote-capable federal employees fell from 61% to 28% in 2025 after most federal remote work ended. Gallup, 2026[18]
In early 2023, 35% of US workers with teleworkable jobs worked from home all the time, down from 43% in January 2022 and 55% in October 2020, versus 7% before the pandemic. Older data Pew Research Center, Mar 30, 2023[15]
Among hybrid workers, only 24% would work from home all the time if they could choose; 72% would keep a hybrid arrangement. Pew Research Center, Jan 13, 2025[6]
Of teleworkable workers who aren’t fully remote, 75% say their employer now requires a set number of in-person days, up from 63% in early 2023. Pew Research Center, Jan 13, 2025[6]
Remote job postings and hiring
Job ads show what employers are offering new hires, which can diverge from how existing staff work. Indeed’s broad index has been steady; Robert Half’s professional-job sample swung sharply toward on-site roles in 2026. Applicants still pile into the remote listings that exist.
Share of job postings mentioning remote or hybrid work, by country
US vs UK & Ireland
Share of job postings mentioning remote or hybrid work, by country — US vs UK & Ireland (%)
| Year | United States | United Kingdom | Ireland |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.5 |
| 2020 | 4.5 | 7.5 | 8.3 |
| 2021 | 7.8 | 11.3 | 13.2 |
| 2022 | 9.9 | 13.1 | 15.1 |
| 2023 | 8.7 | 14.5 | 14.1 |
| 2024 | 8.2 | 15.3 | 15.8 |
| 2025 | 8.2 | 15.8 | 17.7 |
| 2026 (Jan–Sep) | 8.7 | 16.8 | 17.9 |
All seven
Share of job postings mentioning remote or hybrid work, by country — All seven (%)
| Year | United States | United Kingdom | Ireland | Germany | Canada | Australia | France |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 2.6 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.2 |
| 2020 | 4.5 | 7.5 | 8.3 | 6.4 | 6.8 | 5.8 | 5.0 |
| 2021 | 7.8 | 11.3 | 13.2 | 11.1 | 11.9 | 8.8 | 7.7 |
| 2022 | 9.9 | 13.1 | 15.1 | 14.9 | 13.6 | 11.2 | 8.4 |
| 2023 | 8.7 | 14.5 | 14.1 | 16.0 | 13.2 | 11.5 | 10.6 |
| 2024 | 8.2 | 15.3 | 15.8 | 15.5 | 14.4 | 12.9 | 12.1 |
| 2025 | 8.2 | 15.8 | 17.7 | 15.0 | 14.3 | 13.1 | 12.2 |
| 2026 (Jan–Sep) | 8.7 | 16.8 | 17.9 | 14.6 | 14.2 | 13.6 | 12.3 |
Europe
Share of job postings mentioning remote or hybrid work, by country — Europe (%)
| Year | United Kingdom | Ireland | Germany | France |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 2.2 |
| 2020 | 7.5 | 8.3 | 6.4 | 5.0 |
| 2021 | 11.3 | 13.2 | 11.1 | 7.7 |
| 2022 | 13.1 | 15.1 | 14.9 | 8.4 |
| 2023 | 14.5 | 14.1 | 16.0 | 10.6 |
| 2024 | 15.3 | 15.8 | 15.5 | 12.1 |
| 2025 | 15.8 | 17.7 | 15.0 | 12.2 |
| 2026 (Jan–Sep) | 16.8 | 17.9 | 14.6 | 12.3 |
US only
Share of job postings mentioning remote or hybrid work, by country — US only (%)
| Year | United States |
|---|---|
| 2019 | 2.6 |
| 2020 | 4.5 |
| 2021 | 7.8 |
| 2022 | 9.9 |
| 2023 | 8.7 |
| 2024 | 8.2 |
| 2025 | 8.2 |
| 2026 (Jan–Sep) | 8.7 |
US job postings mentioning remote or hybrid work, by occupation category
Selected categories
US job postings mentioning remote or hybrid work, by occupation category — Selected categories (%)
| Category | Remote/hybrid share |
|---|---|
| Insurance | 36.2 |
| Legal | 33.9 |
| Mathematics | 33.0 |
| Software development | 30.4 |
| IT operations & help desk | 30.0 |
| Marketing | 25.7 |
| Finance | 23.1 |
| Human resources | 20.8 |
| Accounting | 19.8 |
| Sales | 15.2 |
| Education | 6.7 |
| Customer service | 6.5 |
| Construction | 4.2 |
| Manufacturing | 4.0 |
| Hospitality | 3.3 |
| Retail | 1.9 |
| Dental | 1.2 |
| Driving | 1.2 |
Work arrangement in US professional job postings (Robert Half)
By quarter
Work arrangement in US professional job postings (Robert Half) — By quarter (%)
| Quarter | Fully on-site | Hybrid | Fully remote |
|---|---|---|---|
| Q3 2023 | 68 | 21 | 11 |
| Q3 2024 | 65 | 23 | 13 |
| Q3 2025 | 64 | 24 | 12 |
| Q2 2026 | 87 | 10 | 3 |
Remote roles’ share of LinkedIn postings vs share of applications (US)
US, 2020 to 2024
Remote roles’ share of LinkedIn postings vs share of applications (US) — US, 2020 to 2024 (%)
| Category | Share of postings | Share of applications |
|---|---|---|
| Jan 2020 (remote) | 2.2 | 2.9 |
| Feb 2022 (remote) | 20 | 50 |
| Dec 2023 (remote) | 10 | 46 |
| Late 2024 (remote + hybrid) | 20 | 60 |
Statistics
On September 30, 2026, 8.6% of US job postings on Indeed mentioned remote or hybrid work (seven-day trailing average). Indeed Hiring Lab, Oct 2026[4]
That share averaged 2.6% in 2019 and peaked at 10.5% on February 26, 2022. Our calculation Indeed Hiring Lab, Oct 2026[4]
Annual averages of Indeed’s US remote/hybrid share: 9.9% in 2022, 8.7% in 2023, 8.2% in 2024, 8.2% in 2025 and 8.7% for January to September 2026. Our calculation Indeed Hiring Lab, Oct 2026[4]
Of the seven countries in Indeed’s tracker, the US had the lowest remote/hybrid posting share on September 30, 2026 (8.6%), against 16.8% in Ireland and 15.9% in the UK. Indeed Hiring Lab, Oct 2026[4]
On the same day, 7.9% of US job searches on Indeed included remote or hybrid terms. Indeed Hiring Lab, Oct 2026[4]
Insurance postings were the most likely US category to mention remote or hybrid work (36.2%); driving and dental postings were the least likely (1.2% each). Indeed Hiring Lab, Oct 2026[4]
30.4% of US software development postings on Indeed mentioned remote or hybrid work on September 30, 2026. Indeed Hiring Lab, Oct 2026[4]
In the UK, 16.9% of Indeed postings mentioned remote or hybrid working at the end of June 2026, close to the series peak. Indeed Hiring Lab, Aug 3, 2026[23]
Of the US professional job postings Robert Half analysed in Q2 2026, 87% were fully on-site, 10% hybrid and 3% fully remote. Robert Half, 2026[5]
Fully in-office roles rose from 65% of Robert Half’s sample in Q4 2025 to 87% in Q2 2026. Robert Half, 2026[24]
A year earlier, in Q3 2025, Robert Half’s split was 64% on-site, 24% hybrid and 12% fully remote. Robert Half, 2026[5]
By field in Q2 2026: marketing and creative postings were 14% hybrid and 4% remote; technology 11% and 4%; administrative and customer support 5% and 2%. Robert Half, 2026[24]
In Boston, fully remote postings fell from 8% to 2% and hybrid postings from 33% to 14% between Q2 2025 and Q2 2026. The Boston Globe, Sep 23, 2026[25]
In December 2023, fully remote jobs were 10% of US LinkedIn postings but received 46% of applications. Fortune, Jan 29, 2024[21]
By our calculation, that means a remote listing drew about 4.6 times its share of applications. Our calculation Fortune, Jan 29, 2024[21]
US remote job postings on LinkedIn fell 9% between January 2022 and December 2023. Fortune, Jan 29, 2024[21]
LinkedIn’s head of economics for the Americas said in late 2024 that remote and hybrid roles made up about 20% of positions but drew about 60% of applications. PropertyCasualty360, Dec 20, 2024[22]
In January 2020, remote jobs were 2.2% of LinkedIn’s US paid postings and drew 2.9% of applications. Older data LinkedIn Economic Graph, Oct 2022[19]
In February 2022, fully remote roles were 20% of US LinkedIn listings and drew 50% of applications; the UK was 9% and 20%, Germany 9% and 22%, India 10% and 21%. Older data ITPro, 2022[20]
In August 2023, 53.9% of job applications from LinkedIn members with disabilities went to remote roles, versus 45.6% for members without disabilities. Older data LinkedIn Economic Graph, 2023[26]
Reports of job and employment-agency scams to the FTC tripled from 2020 to 2024, and reported losses rose from $90 million to $501 million. FTC, Mar 10, 2025[27]
Which jobs and industries are most remote?
Occupation explains most of who teleworks. Computer, business, legal and media roles lead; jobs built around a physical place or customer barely register.
Telework rate by occupation, 2025
Some vs all hours
Telework rate by occupation, 2025 — Some vs all hours (%)
| Category | Teleworked all hours | Teleworked some hours |
|---|---|---|
| Computer & mathematical | 36.1 | 29.2 |
| Business & financial operations | 27.9 | 28.1 |
| Legal | 19.5 | 33.2 |
| Arts, design, entertainment & media | 24.8 | 22.0 |
| Management | 16.5 | 21.4 |
| Architecture & engineering | 13.5 | 24.1 |
| Life, physical & social science | 10.6 | 23.3 |
| Community & social services | 9.4 | 24.6 |
| Office & administrative support | 14.0 | 11.1 |
| Sales & related | 11.5 | 12.3 |
| Education, training & library | 4.2 | 10.8 |
| Healthcare practitioners & technical | 5.0 | 8.1 |
| Personal care & service | 7.2 | 3.5 |
| Healthcare support | 7.6 | 2.6 |
| Production | 2.5 | 2.3 |
| Construction & extraction | 0.8 | 2.5 |
| Building & grounds maintenance | 0.9 | 2.1 |
| Transportation & material moving | 0.6 | 1.3 |
| Food preparation & serving | 0.4 | 1.1 |
Total rate
Telework rate by occupation, 2025 — Total rate (%)
| Category | Telework rate |
|---|---|
| Computer & mathematical | 65.4 |
| Business & financial operations | 55.9 |
| Legal | 52.7 |
| Arts, design, entertainment & media | 46.8 |
| Management | 37.9 |
| Architecture & engineering | 37.7 |
| Life, physical & social science | 34.0 |
| Community & social services | 34.0 |
| Office & administrative support | 25.1 |
| Sales & related | 23.8 |
| Education, training & library | 15.0 |
| Healthcare practitioners & technical | 13.1 |
| Personal care & service | 10.7 |
| Healthcare support | 10.2 |
| Production | 4.9 |
| Construction & extraction | 3.4 |
| Building & grounds maintenance | 2.9 |
| Transportation & material moving | 1.9 |
| Food preparation & serving | 1.5 |
Telework rate by industry, 2025
Detailed industries
Telework rate by industry, 2025 — Detailed industries (%)
| Category | Telework rate |
|---|---|
| Finance & insurance | 58.9 |
| Professional & technical services | 58.4 |
| Information | 48.4 |
| Real estate & rental | 39.4 |
| Wholesale trade | 26.4 |
| Utilities | 25.9 |
| Public administration | 22.1 |
| Arts, entertainment & recreation | 20.7 |
| Manufacturing | 19.7 |
| Educational services | 18.0 |
| Health care & social assistance | 17.8 |
| Mining, oil & gas | 14.4 |
| Retail trade | 10.9 |
| Construction | 10.2 |
| Transportation & warehousing | 8.0 |
| Accommodation & food services | 4.0 |
Statistics
65.4% of workers in computer and mathematical occupations teleworked in 2025, and 36.1% did so for all of their hours. BLS, Feb 20, 2026[1]
Business and financial operations occupations had a 55.9% telework rate in 2025; legal occupations 52.7%. BLS, Feb 20, 2026[1]
Arts, design, entertainment, sports and media occupations: 46.8% teleworked, including 24.8% for all of their hours. BLS, Feb 20, 2026[1]
Management, professional and related occupations teleworked at 37.2% in 2025, against 5.7% for service occupations. BLS, Feb 20, 2026[1]
Food preparation and serving had a 1.5% telework rate in 2025 and transportation and material moving 1.9%. BLS, Feb 20, 2026[1]
Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations teleworked at 13.1%; education, training and library occupations at 15.0%. BLS, Feb 20, 2026[1]
By detailed industry, finance and insurance (58.9%) and professional and technical services (58.4%) had the highest telework rates in 2025. BLS, Feb 20, 2026[1]
Accommodation and food services had a 4.0% telework rate in 2025; transportation and warehousing 8.0%. BLS, Feb 20, 2026[1]
In June 2026, telework rates were highest in financial activities (52.5%), information (47.2%) and professional and business services (41.8%); leisure and hospitality was 7.7%. BLS, Jul 29, 2026[28]
Private wage and salary workers teleworked 5.7 hours of their work week on average in April 2025, or 15.0% of their hours. BLS, 2025[16]
Who works remotely: age, gender, race and education
Education is the sharpest divide in remote work, followed by age. Women telework more than men in every BLS month since the series began.
Telework rate by worker characteristics, 2025
Education (25+)
Telework rate by worker characteristics, 2025 — Education (25+) (%)
| Category | Telework rate |
|---|---|
| Less than high school | 3.9 |
| High school, no college | 9.0 |
| Some college or associate | 18.3 |
| Bachelor’s only | 37.3 |
| Advanced degree | 42.1 |
Age
Telework rate by worker characteristics, 2025 — Age (%)
| Category | Telework rate |
|---|---|
| 16–24 | 6.8 |
| 25–34 | 22.3 |
| 35–44 | 26.7 |
| 45–54 | 25.8 |
| 55–64 | 23.4 |
| 65+ | 24.5 |
Race/ethnicity
Telework rate by worker characteristics, 2025 — Race/ethnicity (%)
| Category | Telework rate |
|---|---|
| Asian | 31.6 |
| White | 22.8 |
| Black | 16.2 |
| Hispanic or Latino | 12.3 |
Sex & household
Telework rate by worker characteristics, 2025 — Sex & household (%)
| Category | Telework rate |
|---|---|
| Women | 25.0 |
| Men | 20.2 |
| Parents of children under 18 | 26.3 |
| No children under 18 | 20.7 |
| Married, spouse present | 27.4 |
| Never married | 15.8 |
Share of full paid days worked from home, by education, 2020 to 2026
All groups
Share of full paid days worked from home, by education, 2020 to 2026 — All groups (%)
| Year | Graduate degree | 4-year college degree | 1 to 3 years of college | High school or less |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 59.0 | 54.5 | 39.0 | 31.4 |
| 2021 | 43.6 | 40.0 | 30.1 | 23.9 |
| 2022 | 39.5 | 37.2 | 27.6 | 20.3 |
| 2023 | 36.0 | 34.8 | 25.9 | 20.1 |
| 2024 | 36.0 | 33.8 | 25.1 | 20.3 |
| 2025 | 34.5 | 33.2 | 23.9 | 20.8 |
| 2026* | 33.0 | 30.7 | 23.1 | 19.2 |
Statistics
Women had a 25.0% telework rate in 2025, compared with 20.2% for men. BLS, 2026[29]
Women aged 35 to 44 teleworked at 30.3% in 2025, the highest rate of any sex and age group BLS reports. BLS, 2026[29]
Workers aged 16 to 24 had a 6.8% telework rate in 2025, against 26.7% for those aged 35 to 44. BLS, 2026[29]
Workers 65 and older were the most likely age group to telework all of their hours (14.0%). BLS, 2026[29]
Asian workers had a 31.6% telework rate in 2025; White workers 22.8%, Black workers 16.2% and Hispanic or Latino workers 12.3%. BLS, 2026[29]
Among workers 25 and older, 42.1% of those with an advanced degree teleworked in 2025, compared with 3.9% of those without a high school diploma. BLS, 2026[29]
Workers with their own children under 18 teleworked at 26.3% in 2025, versus 20.7% for those without. BLS, 2026[29]
Workers with a disability teleworked at 23.4% in 2025 (12.8% for all of their hours), versus 22.4% (10.4%) for those without. BLS, 2026[29]
Foreign-born workers had an 18.5% telework rate in 2025, compared with 23.4% for native-born workers. BLS, 2026[29]
Married workers with a spouse present teleworked at 27.4%, against 15.8% for workers who had never married. BLS, 2026[29]
In March 2026, 24.9% of employed women teleworked, compared with 20.5% of employed men. BLS, Apr 16, 2026[12]
51% of employed people with a bachelor’s degree or higher did some work at home on days they worked in 2025, versus 19% of those with a high school diploma and no college. BLS, Jun 25, 2026[14]
Workers with graduate degrees worked 33.0% of their full paid days from home in 2026 (partial year), down from 59.0% in 2020; for workers with a high school diploma or less it was 19.2%. WFH Research, Oct 5, 2026[3]
Remote work by US state
BLS publishes an annual telework rate for every state. The 2025 figures are 11-month averages because October 2025 was not collected during the federal shutdown.
Telework rate by state, 2025
Highest 10
Telework rate by state, 2025 — Highest 10 (%)
| Category | All hours | Some hours |
|---|---|---|
| District of Columbia | 18.3 | 31.2 |
| Massachusetts | 11.9 | 19.7 |
| Colorado | 15.0 | 14.5 |
| Oregon | 14.9 | 14.5 |
| Maryland | 12.3 | 16.0 |
| Virginia | 13.9 | 14.2 |
| Washington | 13.5 | 14.1 |
| New Jersey | 11.1 | 16.5 |
| Illinois | 11.1 | 15.5 |
| Arizona | 13.1 | 12.5 |
| United States | 10.5 | 11.9 |
Lowest 10
Telework rate by state, 2025 — Lowest 10 (%)
| Category | All hours | Some hours |
|---|---|---|
| Mississippi | 4.8 | 3.5 |
| Alabama | 5.7 | 4.6 |
| Arkansas | 5.9 | 6.1 |
| West Virginia | 6.7 | 5.7 |
| Louisiana | 6.9 | 6.1 |
| North Dakota | 6.1 | 7.1 |
| Wyoming | 7.3 | 6.7 |
| Oklahoma | 6.6 | 7.9 |
| South Dakota | 7.2 | 7.7 |
| Hawaii | 6.3 | 9.5 |
| United States | 10.5 | 11.9 |
Statistics
Washington, DC had a 49.5% telework rate in 2025, the highest in the country. BLS, Sep 3, 2026[8]
Among the 50 states, Massachusetts led at 31.6%, followed by Colorado (29.5%) and Oregon (29.3%). BLS, Sep 3, 2026[8]
Mississippi had the lowest telework rate in 2025 at 8.4%, followed by Alabama at 10.4%. BLS, Sep 3, 2026[8]
California had the most teleworkers by count in 2025, about 4.4 million, followed by Texas with about 3.2 million. BLS, Sep 3, 2026[8]
Colorado had the highest share of people teleworking all of their hours among the 50 states (15.0%). BLS, Sep 3, 2026[8]
In Florida, more people teleworked all of their hours (11.1%) than some of their hours (7.4%). BLS, Sep 3, 2026[8]
Minnesota and Massachusetts had the highest share of hybrid job postings in Robert Half’s Q2 2026 data (13% each). Robert Half, 2026[24]
Telework rate by state, 2025 annual averages (11 months, October excluded). Click a column heading to sort. Source: BLS [8]
| State | Teleworked (%) | Some hours (%) | All hours (%) | Teleworkers (000s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alabama | 10.4 | 4.6 | 5.7 | 236 |
| Alaska | 17.4 | 10.2 | 7.2 | 57 |
| Arizona | 25.6 | 12.5 | 13.1 | 906 |
| Arkansas | 12.1 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 161 |
| California | 24.3 | 13.8 | 10.5 | 4,413 |
| Colorado | 29.5 | 14.5 | 15.0 | 878 |
| Connecticut | 24.0 | 13.7 | 10.4 | 422 |
| Delaware | 23.6 | 12.8 | 10.9 | 112 |
| District of Columbia | 49.5 | 31.2 | 18.3 | 190 |
| Florida | 18.5 | 7.4 | 11.1 | 1,941 |
| Georgia | 21.5 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 1,089 |
| Hawaii | 15.8 | 9.5 | 6.3 | 101 |
| Idaho | 18.7 | 8.5 | 10.2 | 176 |
| Illinois | 26.6 | 15.5 | 11.1 | 1,604 |
| Indiana | 18.0 | 10.2 | 7.8 | 590 |
| Iowa | 16.4 | 9.0 | 7.3 | 263 |
| Kansas | 19.3 | 11.4 | 7.9 | 283 |
| Kentucky | 16.2 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 316 |
| Louisiana | 13.0 | 6.1 | 6.9 | 251 |
| Maine | 24.3 | 12.6 | 11.8 | 161 |
| Maryland | 28.3 | 16.0 | 12.3 | 833 |
| Massachusetts | 31.6 | 19.7 | 11.9 | 1,141 |
| Michigan | 21.8 | 12.7 | 9.0 | 997 |
| Minnesota | 25.2 | 14.6 | 10.6 | 727 |
| Mississippi | 8.4 | 3.5 | 4.8 | 100 |
| Missouri | 20.2 | 11.5 | 8.7 | 596 |
| Montana | 20.3 | 9.5 | 10.7 | 109 |
| Nebraska | 18.0 | 10.1 | 8.0 | 187 |
| Nevada | 17.4 | 7.2 | 10.3 | 272 |
| New Hampshire | 25.4 | 13.2 | 12.2 | 182 |
| New Jersey | 27.5 | 16.5 | 11.1 | 1,229 |
| New Mexico | 17.0 | 8.6 | 8.5 | 155 |
| New York | 21.5 | 12.8 | 8.7 | 1,979 |
| North Carolina | 22.8 | 11.3 | 11.5 | 1,137 |
| North Dakota | 13.2 | 7.1 | 6.1 | 54 |
| Ohio | 21.2 | 11.3 | 10.0 | 1,152 |
| Oklahoma | 14.5 | 7.9 | 6.6 | 273 |
| Oregon | 29.3 | 14.5 | 14.9 | 587 |
| Pennsylvania | 24.4 | 12.4 | 12.0 | 1,476 |
| Rhode Island | 23.5 | 14.0 | 9.5 | 125 |
| South Carolina | 20.5 | 9.3 | 11.2 | 507 |
| South Dakota | 14.9 | 7.7 | 7.2 | 69 |
| Tennessee | 19.7 | 9.0 | 10.7 | 648 |
| Texas | 22.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 3,229 |
| Utah | 25.1 | 13.2 | 11.9 | 432 |
| Vermont | 23.9 | 13.7 | 10.2 | 77 |
| Virginia | 28.1 | 14.2 | 13.9 | 1,144 |
| Washington | 27.6 | 14.1 | 13.5 | 1,016 |
| West Virginia | 12.4 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 90 |
| Wisconsin | 23.4 | 13.0 | 10.4 | 681 |
| Wyoming | 14.0 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 37 |
| United States | 22.4 | 11.9 | 10.5 | 35,389 |
Remote work around the world
English-speaking economies work from home the most, and East Asia the least. National statistics use different definitions, so compare countries within a source rather than across sources.
Working from home across countries, three measures
WFH days per week
Working from home across countries, three measures — WFH days per week (days)
| Category | Days per week |
|---|---|
| Canada | 1.9 |
| United Kingdom | 1.8 |
| Finland | 1.7 |
| India | 1.6 |
| Germany | 1.6 |
| United States | 1.6 |
| Global average | 1.27 |
| South Korea | 0.5 |
EU: usually WFH
Working from home across countries, three measures — EU: usually WFH (%)
| Category | Usually work from home |
|---|---|
| Finland | 20.9 |
| Ireland | 19.8 |
| EU-27 | 8.9 |
| Bulgaria | 1.4 |
| Romania | 1.3 |
Remote/hybrid postings
Working from home across countries, three measures — Remote/hybrid postings (%)
| Category | Remote/hybrid postings |
|---|---|
| Ireland | 16.8 |
| United Kingdom | 15.9 |
| Germany | 13.9 |
| Canada | 13.8 |
| Australia | 12.1 |
| France | 12.1 |
| United States | 8.6 |
Work arrangement: India vs global, 2025
2025
Work arrangement: India vs global, 2025 — 2025 (%)
| Category | On-site daily | Hybrid | Remote |
|---|---|---|---|
| Global | 56 | 32 | 12 |
| India | 50 | 36 | 14 |
Commute time saved per work-from-home day
Selected countries
Commute time saved per work-from-home day — Selected countries (min)
| Category | Minutes saved |
|---|---|
| Serbia | 51 |
| Poland | 54 |
| United States | 55 |
| 27-country average | 72 |
| India | 99 |
| Japan | 100 |
| China | 102 |
Statistics
In 2025, 8.9% of employed people aged 20 to 64 in the EU usually worked from home; Finland (20.9%) and Ireland (19.8%) were highest, Romania (1.3%) and Bulgaria (1.4%) lowest. Eurostat, Jul 4, 2026[9]
Euronews, citing Eurostat, reports slightly different 2025 figures (Finland 20.5%, Ireland 19.2%, EU 8.8%); the gap reflects a different age band in the underlying table. Euronews, Jun 12, 2026[33]
France (11%) was above the EU average for usually working from home in 2025, while Spain (7.9%) was just below it. Euronews, Jun 12, 2026[33]
28% of working adults in Great Britain worked hybrid between January and March 2025. ONS, Jun 11, 2025[34]
In Canada, 17.4% of employed people mostly worked from home in May 2025, down from 18.7% a year earlier; 77.6% worked only outside the home and 5.1% were hybrid. The Canadian Press, Aug 26, 2025[35]
In India, 50% of employees worked on-site daily, 36% hybrid and 14% remotely in 2025, against 56%, 32% and 12% globally. ADP Research, 2025[31]
45% of employees in India report full autonomy over where they work, second only to Egypt (47%). ADP Research, 2025[31]
Across 40 countries, average work from home among college-educated full-time workers has held steady at roughly one day a week since 2023. PNAS, 2025[36]
College-educated employees in the US, Canada, the UK and Ireland typically report about 1.5 to 1.9 work-from-home days a week, about twice the level in much of Asia. PNAS, 2025[36]
The global average in the Stanford survey was 1.27 days a week; Canada led at 1.9, the UK 1.8 and Finland 1.7, while South Korea was lowest at 0.5. World Economic Forum, 2025[30]
Average daily commute time saved by working from home was 72 minutes across 27 countries, ranging from 51 minutes in Serbia and 55 in the US to 102 in China. Older data CESifo / AEA Papers & Proceedings, Jan 2023[32]
Productivity, retention and wellbeing
The strongest causal evidence comes from a randomised trial: two days at home cut quitting without hurting performance. Survey data add a wrinkle: fully remote staff are the most engaged but also among the loneliest.
Engagement, loneliness and thriving by work location
Global, 2025
Engagement, loneliness and thriving by work location — Global, 2025 (%)
| Category | Engaged | Lonely a lot of the previous day |
|---|---|---|
| Exclusively remote | 30 | 24 |
| Hybrid | 25 | 24 |
| On-site (can be remote) | 24 | 18 |
| On-site (can’t be remote) | 17 | 21 |
US, Aug 2026
Engagement, loneliness and thriving by work location — US, Aug 2026 (%)
| Category | Engaged | Thriving |
|---|---|---|
| Exclusively remote | 32 | 53 |
| Hybrid | 31 | 55 |
| On-site (can be remote) | 28 | 54 |
| On-site (can’t be remote) | 27 | 47 |
Statistics
In a six-month randomised trial of 1,612 Trip.com employees, working from home two days a week cut attrition by a third, from 7.2% to 4.8%. Nature, Jun 12, 2024[7]
The same trial found no difference in performance grades or promotions over the following two years. Nature, Jun 12, 2024[7]
The 395 managers in the trial moved from expecting hybrid work to lower productivity (−2.6% on average) to expecting a small gain (+1.0%). Nature, Jun 12, 2024[7]
Globally in 2025, 30% of exclusively remote employees were engaged at work, versus 25% of hybrid, 24% of on-site remote-capable and 17% of on-site non-remote-capable employees. Gallup, Apr 2026[37]
24% of exclusively remote and hybrid employees worldwide experienced loneliness a lot of the previous day, compared with 18% of on-site employees in remote-capable jobs. Gallup, Apr 2026[37]
Only 20% of employees worldwide were engaged at work in 2025. Gallup, Apr 2026[37]
In the US in August 2026, 32% of exclusively remote employees were engaged, compared with 31% of hybrid and 27% of on-site employees in jobs that can’t be done remotely. Gallup, Data to Aug 2026[2]
Hybrid employees were the most likely to be thriving in the US (55%); on-site employees in non-remote-capable jobs the least (47%). Gallup, Data to Aug 2026[2]
46% of US workers who work from home at least sometimes say they’d be unlikely to stay if their employer ended it, including 61% of those who work from home all the time. Pew Research Center, Jan 13, 2025[6]
In 2021–22 survey data, 26% of employees who worked from home at least one day a week said they’d quit or look for a job with remote work if ordered back five days a week. Older data EconPol Forum, Nov 2022[38]
Pay, savings and time
Workers put a real price on flexibility. Estimates of that price vary with the question asked, so treat them as ranges, not exact rates.
Statistics
Working from home saves an average of 72 minutes of commuting per day across 27 countries; workers put about 40% of that time back into their jobs and 11% into caregiving. Older data CESifo / AEA Papers & Proceedings, Jan 2023[32]
Workers in India, Japan and China save the most commute time on home days, at 99, 100 and 102 minutes respectively. Older data CESifo / AEA Papers & Proceedings, Jan 2023[32]
Employees valued the option to work from home two or three days a week at about 5% of pay on average in 2021–22 global survey data. Older data EconPol Forum, Nov 2022[38]
In Owl Labs’ 2025 survey, workers said they would give up 9% of salary for flexible working hours and 8% for a four-day week. Owl Labs, Sep 22, 2025[39]
Federal workers’ average weekly telework hours fell from 8.2 to 4.8 between April 2024 and April 2025. BLS, 2025[16]
Return-to-office mandates and office use
Company policies have tightened, especially at large firms, but most US companies still offer some location flexibility, and badge data put office occupancy at just over half of pre-pandemic levels.
Statistics
66% of US companies tracked by the Flex Index offered some work-location flexibility in Q3 2025; 34% required full-time office attendance (N = 9,132 companies). Flex Index, 2025[40]
Structured hybrid policies covered 43% of US firms in Q2 2025, up from 36% in Q2 2024 and 20% in Q1 2023. Flex Index, 2025[41]
33% of US firms required full-time office attendance in Q2 2025, virtually unchanged from a year earlier. Flex Index, 2025[41]
29 of the Fortune 100 had five-day office policies, 67 had hybrid policies and 44 required four or five days a week. Flex Index, 2025[42]
24% of Fortune 500 companies were full-time in office in the Flex Index’s Q2 report. Flex Index, 2025[42]
Kastle’s 10-city office occupancy average hit a post-pandemic weekly record of 56.3% of pre-pandemic levels in the week of December 8, 2025. Kastle Systems, Dec 2025[43]
Office buildings hit a single-day post-pandemic record of 66.0% occupancy that week, and Class A+ buildings averaged 78.8%. Kastle Systems, Dec 2025[43]
Long-run trends and forecasts
Census data show working from home roughly tripled from 2019 to 2021 and has eased since, but it remains well above pre-pandemic levels. Forecasts below are labelled with the organisation that made them.
US workers who usually worked from home, 2014 to 2024 (Census ACS)
ACS 1-year estimates
US workers who usually worked from home, 2014 to 2024 (Census ACS) — ACS 1-year estimates (%)
| Year | Usually worked from home |
|---|---|
| 2014 | 4.9 |
| 2015 | – |
| 2016 | – |
| 2017 | – |
| 2018 | – |
| 2019 | 5.7 |
| 2020 | – |
| 2021 | 17.9 |
| 2022 | 15.2 |
| 2023 | 13.8 |
| 2024 | 13.3 |
Statistics
The share of US workers who primarily worked from home rose from 5.7% (about 9 million) in 2019 to 17.9% (27.6 million) in 2021. Older data Census Bureau, Sep 15, 2022[45]
That share fell to 15.2% in 2022. GlobeSt, Feb 23, 2024[46]
The American Community Survey put the share at 4.9% in 2014 and 13.8% in 2023. WUNC, Oct 15, 2024[44]
In 2024 the ACS measured 13.3% working from home in the prior week, while the American Time Use Survey found 20.1% of full-time workers working from home on the survey day. BTS, 2025[47]
WFH Research estimates the pandemic raised working from home by the equivalent of almost 40 years of pre-pandemic growth. WFH Research, Oct 5, 2026[3]
US employers’ plans for working from home have hovered around 1.3 to 1.5 days a week, close to actual levels since mid-2022. WFH Research, Oct 5, 2026[3]
The World Economic Forum projects global digital jobs that can be done remotely from anywhere will rise about 25%, from 73 million in 2024 to around 92 million by 2030. Forecast World Economic Forum, Jan 2024[11]
18.5 million American workers described themselves as digital nomads in 2025, up 2.2% from the prior year. MBO Partners, 2025[10]
Independent workers who are digital nomads fell 7% in 2025, from 7.9 million to 7.3 million. MBO Partners, 2025[10]
In 2024, 18.1 million US workers, or 11% of the workforce, described themselves as digital nomads; in 2023 the figure was 17.3 million. Staffing Industry Analysts, Aug 2024[48] Staffing Industry Analysts, 2023[49]
Methodology
We ran more than 30 searches across government statistical agencies, peer-reviewed research, labour-market data providers and survey firms, then traced each number to the publisher that produced it. Where a figure first surfaced in a statistics roundup, we used it only after finding the original release. Every statistic on this page links to the page we read it from.
How we chose sources
We preferred official statistics (BLS, Census Bureau, Eurostat, ONS, Statistics Canada), then peer-reviewed research, then large recurring surveys (Gallup, Pew, WFH Research), then industry data (Indeed, Robert Half, LinkedIn, Flex Index, Kastle). Where only a news report of a primary release was available, we name the outlet and the underlying data owner.
Why the numbers differ
Remote work statistics disagree mainly because they divide by different things. BLS’s telework rate covers everyone at work in a survey week, including jobs that can’t be done remotely. Gallup covers only employees whose jobs can be. WFH Research measures the share of workdays, not workers. The American Community Survey asks how people usually got to work, so it misses many hybrid workers. Job-posting data describe offers to new hires, not how existing staff work. Read each figure against its own definition.
Recency and older data
We used the latest release available on November 7, 2026. Where a newer figure replaced an older one, we kept the older figure only as trend context. Figures published more than three years ago carry an “Older data” label. BLS’s 2025 annual averages cover 11 months because October 2025 was not collected during the federal government shutdown, and BLS warns they aren’t strictly comparable with other years.
Conflicts we found
Eurostat’s 2025 EU work-from-home figures appear as 8.9% (people aged 20 to 64) and 8.8% (a wider age band) in different releases; we show both. Gallup’s US hybrid indicator page lists two versions of one row in its engagement table; we chart the version that matches its text and note the other. LinkedIn’s remote-posting figures change definition over time (fully remote vs remote plus hybrid), so we label each point.
Our own calculations
Indeed’s annual averages and the country comparison are our calculations from Indeed Hiring Lab’s public Remote Tracker data, which is licensed CC BY 4.0. We averaged the daily seven-day trailing series within each calendar year; 2026 covers January to September. The applications-to-postings ratio for LinkedIn is a simple division of the two published shares. Each of these is labelled “Our calculation”. Forecasts are labelled with the organisation that made them.
Gaps
We found no reliable official measure of remote work for India, China, Latin America or Africa, so those regions rely on employer and academic surveys. We also found no robust recent source for a remote pay premium or for employer cost savings, so we left both out rather than repeat outdated estimates.
Frequently asked questions
What percentage of jobs are remote in 2026?
It depends on what you count. In 2025, 22.4% of people at work in the US teleworked at least some hours (BLS). Among workers whose jobs can be done remotely, 25% were exclusively remote and 54% hybrid in August 2026 (Gallup). Among new job ads, 8.6% of US Indeed postings mentioned remote or hybrid work on September 30, 2026.
How many Americans work remotely?
About 35.4 million people at work in the US teleworked or worked at home for pay in an average week of 2025, according to BLS. Of those, roughly 16.6 million teleworked all of their hours and 18.8 million some of their hours.
Are remote jobs declining?
The overall telework rate has been roughly flat, between 21.5% and 23.0% over the year to March 2026. Indeed’s US remote/hybrid posting share has also been steady near 8 to 9%. But Robert Half’s sample of professional job postings swung from 65% fully on-site in Q4 2025 to 87% in Q2 2026, so new professional openings have become less flexible.
Which jobs are most likely to be remote?
Computer and mathematical occupations had the highest telework rate in 2025 (65.4%), followed by business and financial operations (55.9%) and legal occupations (52.7%). Food preparation and serving (1.5%) and transportation and material moving (1.9%) had the lowest.
Which US state has the most remote workers?
Washington, DC had the highest telework rate in 2025 (49.5%), and Massachusetts led the 50 states (31.6%). California had the most teleworkers by number, about 4.4 million. Mississippi had the lowest rate (8.4%).
Is hybrid work more common than fully remote work?
Yes. Among US employees with remote-capable jobs, 54% worked hybrid and 25% exclusively remote in August 2026, and the hybrid share has stayed between 49% and 55% since mid-2022 (Gallup).
Are remote workers more productive?
In a randomised trial of 1,612 employees, working from home two days a week cut quit rates by a third and had no effect on performance grades or promotions over two years (Bloom, Han and Liang, Nature, 2024). Gallup finds fully remote employees are the most likely to be engaged, but also report more loneliness than on-site staff.
How competitive are remote job postings?
Very. In December 2023, fully remote jobs were 10% of US LinkedIn postings but received 46% of applications. In late 2024, LinkedIn’s head of Americas economics said remote and hybrid roles were about 20% of positions and drew about 60% of applications.
Which countries work from home the most?
In Stanford’s global survey of college-educated workers, Canada (1.9 days a week), the UK (1.8) and Finland (1.7) led, against a global average of 1.27 days. In the EU, Finland (20.9%) and Ireland (19.8%) had the highest shares of people who usually work from home in 2025.
How much time does working from home save?
An average of 72 minutes of commuting per work-from-home day across 27 countries, according to Aksoy and co-authors (2023). Workers put about 40% of that time back into their jobs.
Sources
Numbered in order of first use. Links open the page each figure was taken from.
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. “CPS Table 60: People at work by telework status, occupation, industry and class of worker, 2025.” Feb 20, 2026. bls.gov
- Gallup. “Indicator: Hybrid Work (U.S. employees with remote-capable jobs).” Data to Aug 2026. gallup.com
- WFH Research (Barrero, Bloom, Buckman & Davis). “SWAA October 2026 Updates.” Oct 5, 2026. wfhresearch.com
- Indeed Hiring Lab. “Remote Tracker dataset (CC BY 4.0), data through Sep 30, 2026.” Oct 2026. github.com
- Robert Half. “Remote work statistics and trends.” 2026. roberthalf.com
- Pew Research Center. “Many remote workers say they’d be likely to leave their job if they could no longer work from home.” Jan 13, 2025. pewresearch.org
- Nature (Bloom, Han & Liang). “Hybrid working from home improves retention without damaging performance.” Jun 12, 2024. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. “States: Persons at work by telework status, 2025 annual averages.” Sep 3, 2026. bls.gov
- Eurostat. “In 2025, 8.9% of employed people in the EU usually worked from home (official post).” Jul 4, 2026. x.com
- MBO Partners. “Digital Nomads: A Niche Workforce Becomes Mainstream (2025 State of Independence).” 2025. mbopartners.com
- World Economic Forum. “The Rise of Global Digital Jobs (white paper with Capgemini).” Jan 2024. weforum.org
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. “The Economics Daily: 22.6 percent of workers teleworked in March 2026.” Apr 16, 2026. bls.gov
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. “Beyond the Numbers: Telework trends in 2024.” 2024. bls.gov
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. “American Time Use Survey: 2025 results.” Jun 25, 2026. bls.gov
- Pew Research Center. “About a third of U.S. workers who can work from home now do so all the time.” Mar 30, 2023. pewresearch.org Older data
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. “The Economics Daily: Telework rate down for federal government workers in April 2025.” 2025. bls.gov
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. “The Economics Daily: 5.9 million wage and salary workers requested a change to help them do their job better.” Jan 2, 2026. bls.gov
- Gallup. “Hybrid Work and Productivity: What the Data Show.” 2026. gallup.com
- LinkedIn Economic Graph. “LinkedIn Economic Outlook: State of the Labor Market, October 2022.” Oct 2022. economicgraph.linkedin.com Older data
- ITPro. “LinkedIn: Demand for remote jobs increases but opportunities are waning.” 2022. itpro.com Older data
- Fortune. “A handful of remote jobs are getting a tidal wave of applications (LinkedIn data).” Jan 29, 2024. fortune.com
- PropertyCasualty360. “5 labor trends to watch in 2025 (LinkedIn’s Kory Kantenga).” Dec 20, 2024. propertycasualty360.com
- Indeed Hiring Lab. “2026 Mid-Year UK Jobs & Hiring Trends Report.” Aug 3, 2026. hiringlab.indeed.com
- Robert Half. “Remote work on the rise? Hybrid and remote trends by field, Q2 2026.” 2026. roberthalf.com
- The Boston Globe. “Remote work in Boston job postings (Robert Half data).” Sep 23, 2026. bostonglobe.com
- LinkedIn Economic Graph. “Disparities in Employment Outcomes in the US for Individuals with Disabilities.” 2023. economicgraphchallenge.linkedin.com Older data
- Federal Trade Commission. “New FTC data show a big jump in reported losses to fraud to $12.5 billion in 2024.” Mar 10, 2025. ftc.gov
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. “The Economics Daily: 52.5 percent of workers in financial activities teleworked in June 2026.” Jul 29, 2026. bls.gov
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. “CPS Table 59: People at work by telework status and selected characteristics, 2025.” 2026. bls.gov
- World Economic Forum. “These 6 nations work from home the most (Stanford G-SWA data).” 2025. weforum.org
- ADP Research. “People at Work 2025: India workforce engagement.” 2025. in.adp.com
- CESifo / AEA Papers & Proceedings (Aksoy et al.). “Time Savings When Working from Home.” Jan 2023. cesifo.org Older data
- Euronews (Eurostat data). “Working from home in Europe: why your chances vary so much.” Jun 12, 2026. euronews.com
- Office for National Statistics (UK). “Who has access to hybrid work in Great Britain?.” Jun 11, 2025. ons.gov.uk
- The Canadian Press (Statistics Canada data). “More Canadians commuting as remote work declines.” Aug 26, 2025. cfjctoday.com
- PNAS (Aksoy, Barrero, Bloom, Davis et al.). “The global persistence of work from home.” 2025. pnas.org
- Gallup. “State of the Global Workplace: 2026 Report, global data summary.” Apr 2026. gallup.com
- EconPol Forum (Aksoy et al.). “Working from Home Around the World.” Nov 2022. ww1.econpol.eu Older data
- Owl Labs via Business Wire. “State of Hybrid Work 2025.” Sep 22, 2025. businesswire.com
- Flex Index. “Flex Report Q3 2025.” 2025. lse.ac.uk
- Flex Index. “Flex Report Q2 2025.” 2025. lse.ac.uk
- Flex Index. “67% of the Fortune 100 are hybrid.” 2025. flexindex.substack.com
- Kastle Systems. “Kastle Back to Work Barometer hits all-time post-pandemic highs.” Dec 2025. kastle.com
- WUNC. “Charlotte is almost the work-from-home queen of the United States (2023 ACS).” Oct 15, 2024. wunc.org
- U.S. Census Bureau. “The number of people primarily working from home tripled between 2019 and 2021.” Sep 15, 2022. census.gov Older data
- GlobeSt. “Commuting data provides more insight into remote work (2022 ACS).” Feb 23, 2024. globest.com
- U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics. “Working from home: ACS prior week vs ATUS survey day, 2019–2024.” 2025. bts.gov
- Staffing Industry Analysts. “Digital nomads move from niche to normal with 18.1M workers.” Aug 2024. staffingindustry.com
- Staffing Industry Analysts. “Majority of digital nomads staying in US: MBO Partners.” 2023. staffingindustry.com
Last updated November 7, 2026. Indeed Hiring Lab data used under CC BY 4.0.